http://revel.unice.frRevel@Nice est une plate-forme pépinière d'édition et de diffusion des revues de sciences humaines et sociales de l'Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis. Outil d'édition électronique simple d'utilisation et site de publication en ligne, Revel@Nice s'adresse aussi bien aux étudiants s'initiant à la recherche qu'aux enseignants-chercheurs. Il a vocation à renforcer le rayonnement et la notoriété de l'Université niçoise en servant au développement de nouvelles formes de communication et en répondant aux questions de la mise à disposition des corpus en général.http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=34581. IntroductionImpressive economic transformations are taking place over these years. These include the changing hegemony from the ‘old’ western world to East AsiaERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3458Mon, 17 Dec 2012 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=34601. IntroductionIt is fair to say that clusters and cluster policy became integral to the economic development strategies of the Regional Development Agencies (RDAs) inERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3460Mon, 17 Dec 2012 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=34691. IntroductionItalian cluster policies are challenged today by a number of factors. The most relevant one is the pressure put by the current recession on the design andERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3469Mon, 17 Dec 2012 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=34761. IntroductionThis paper is aimed to provide some considerations about clusters in China as policy tools useful both to boost industrialization and to achieve widerERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3476Mon, 17 Dec 2012 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=34821. Background for implementing cluster programs for regional developmentAt the turn of the century the industrial model economic development was replaced by theERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3482Mon, 17 Dec 2012 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=34881. IntroductionSince the signing of the Dayton Accords, the European Union (EU) has spent a great interest in the stabilization of the Western Balkans1 and expanded manyERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3488Mon, 17 Dec 2012 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=35141. IntroductionDuring the last three decades, global economic spaces have been dramatically reshaped. Under the reshaping of economic spaces, uneven development isERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3514Mon, 17 Dec 2012 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=34951. IntroductionCluster initiatives are henceforth very popular among policy makers in France, both at the national and the regional or local levels. They encompass theERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3495Mon, 17 Dec 2012 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=35431. IntroductionOver the past two decades, policymakers and practitioners’ enthusiasm for clusters and regional networks of firms and research institutions has surgedERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3543Mon, 17 Dec 2012 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=35481. IntroductionAre science parks2 high tech fantasies? This question by Massey et al. (1992) nearly two decades ago is still valid today. There is a heated debate in theERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3548Mon, 17 Dec 2012 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3559The European 2020 Strategy has put innovation at the heart of European efforts to strengthen the competitiveness of the European economy. For this purpose, the creationERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3559Mon, 17 Dec 2012 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=35331. IntroductionFoundations of cluster policies in Turkey started in 1960’s during Turkey’s planned development era led by the State Planning Organization (SPO)ERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3533Mon, 17 Dec 2012 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3542This short note is aimed at proposing a synthetic view of the combination of two important contemporary tendencies in both post-industrialized and emergingERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3542Mon, 17 Dec 2012 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=33851. IntroductionSeveral theoretical and empirical studies identified the excessive fragmentation of production systems as a possible source of weakness in terms of bothERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3385Sat, 16 Jun 2012 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=33961. IntroductionThe importance of chemical employment over the total industrial employment in Italy declined very sharply from 4.5% to 2.6% in the 1971-2009 period.ERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3396Sat, 16 Jun 2012 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3437ERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3437Sat, 16 Jun 2012 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3419IntroductionAs widely known, the early part of the first decade of the century was marked by a long period of stagnation and/or drop in production which, according toERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3419Sat, 16 Jun 2012 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=34241. Introduction“Free” “libre” or “open source” software (FLOSS) is software whose source-code, which is the explicit expression of the programming work,ERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3424Sat, 16 Jun 2012 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3455What we call Doubly Green Chemistry (DGC in the remainder of the article) consists of all scientific and socioeconomic systems dedicated to developing alternativeERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3455Sat, 16 Jun 2012 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=32931. IntroductionThe question of electric vehicles (EV) has resurfaced many times in the history of the car, starting from the early post-WW2 years, but has never made itERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3293Thu, 15 Dec 2011 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3301Introduction. The four stages and conditions of an automobile revolutionTo consolidate and develop the hypothesis proposed in the conclusive chapter of the collectiveERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3301Thu, 15 Dec 2011 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=33091. History mattersThe respective positioning of the Chinese and Indian economies in the world economy is directly linked with the early modes of opening these countriesERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3309Thu, 15 Dec 2011 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3317IntroductionMuch of the debate concerning the automotive sector is focused on the passenger car industry; far less attention is given to the manufacturing of trucks andERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3317Thu, 15 Dec 2011 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=33751. IntroductionIn the automotive and, more generally, in the industrial arena Fiat Group Automobiles (Fiat) and Chrysler Group LLC (Chrysler) can be considered twoERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3375Thu, 15 Dec 2011 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3329IntroductionThe global economic crisis of 2008-2009 revealed that the European automotive industry faces a number of structural problems (Freyssenet, 2009). WhileERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3329Thu, 15 Dec 2011 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3338IntroductionDuring the last 30 years, after the 1970s crisis, the automobile industry has undergone several mutations that have affected all its activities bothERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3338Thu, 15 Dec 2011 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3354IntroductionThe automobile is a relatively singular kind of economic product. Even without speaking to its social and cultural dimensions, cars are undoubtedly the mostERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3354Thu, 15 Dec 2011 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=33691. IntroductionThe evolving structure and geography of the auto sector in both North America and Europe has been a topic of steady interest over the years. Subsequent toERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3369Thu, 15 Dec 2011 12:00:00 +0100http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3238Policy decision makers and their advisers working in regional development have been seriously challenged by the current crisis. Not only because of the need to do moreERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3238Tue, 05 Jul 2011 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=32221. Business cycles and Government interventions A cross-countries historical analysis of the level of Government intervention in economic affairs emphasizes substantialERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3222Tue, 07 Jun 2011 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3216IntroductionThe outward internationalisation of firms is an increasingly important object of public intervention in most OECD countries (UNCTAD, 1997) sinceERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3216Tue, 07 Jun 2011 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=32121. IntroductionThe 1990s have witnessed an explosive growth of electronic markets and the rise of the so-called e-commerce. Online markets are dramatically changing theERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3212Tue, 07 Jun 2011 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=32031. IntroductionThe success of the Internet can be measured by the growing number of Internet users in the world and the multitude of applications and services availableERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3203Tue, 07 Jun 2011 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3229IntroductionDuring the 1980s, Britain was the first nation to introduce so-called incentive based regulation, in the framework of its broad-ranging programme ofERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3229Tue, 07 Jun 2011 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3050IntroductionScientific research needs economic and public policy-making to identify those incentives and organizational mechanisms, in scientific institutions, whichERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3050Thu, 22 Jul 2010 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3060IntroductionThis study aims to analyse current trends in the localisation strategies of industrial firms and the consequences for the economies affected. It analyses theERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3060Thu, 22 Jul 2010 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=30671. IntroductionIn this work we discuss the evolutionary paths of industrial districts. We describe a specific case which illustrates an ‘anomalous’ path but isERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3067Thu, 22 Jul 2010 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3094Despite numerous claims of recovery or exit, Europe is still in the midst of the crisis and industry appears to be one of its most suffering victims.Partly because itERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3094Thu, 22 Jul 2010 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=30711. IntroductionOver the last two decades, a new model of labour division between firms and countries has emerged in the global economy. This international division ofERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3071Thu, 22 Jul 2010 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=30741. IntroductionSpain experienced an intense industrial dynamics during the period 1994 to 2008. For instance, respectively 135,339 and 750,387 firms where created in theERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3074Thu, 22 Jul 2010 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3077 1. IntroductionIn order to understand the interest that the technological transfer (TT) process has raised for some years in Italy and in order to locate it within theERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3077Thu, 22 Jul 2010 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=30851. IntroductionNowadays, scientific research and innovation take up considerable economic and human resources that contribute to the accumulation of intangible capital,ERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3085Thu, 22 Jul 2010 12:00:00 +0200http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3046Since the late 1970s, foreign relocations have been a subject of public concern in the industrialised countries. In spite of the numerous studies carried out in theERIEP sur revel@unice.fr (REVEL@NICE)http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3046Tue, 01 Jun 2010 12:00:00 +0200